Osteoartrit (OA) är en vanligt förekommande sjukdom och bidragande faktor till nedsatt förmåga att träna och tävla hos hästar. Ledinflammation som det också kallas drabbar alla häst raser och i alla grenar inom rid, trav och galoppsporten. Inflammationen kan drabba alla de ingående strukturerna i leden och ger kliniskt upphov till hälta, smärta, ökad ledfyllnad och stelhet. Sjukdomen bidrar till sämre djurvälfärd och ekonomiska förluster inom hästindustrin. Orsakerna kan vara många.

Denna processbeskrivning undersöker hur en plantering i parkmiljö i Gävle skulle kunna planeras baserat på systemet matrix planting. Begreppet matrix planting beskrivs, samt grunderna för hur ett växtsamhälle byggs upp med passande växter. Fortsättningsvis redovisas inventeringen av den aktuella platsen, med beskrivning av de ekologiska förutsättningarna och förvaltarens önskemål. Ett förslag presenteras, där tankarna bakom formgivningen förklaras. En förteckning på lämpliga växter och deras egenskaper ingår.

In the spring of 2006 we had our first outbreak of avian influenza of highly pathogenic H5N1 (HPAI) among wild birds in Sweden. This disease have impact on poultry industries world wide. Sporadically the virus infects other species than birds and we now know it can even cause fatal infection of humans. There are not yet any confirmed cases of transmission of the disease between humans though a suspected case in an Indonesian family is under investigation. If a mutation occurs that changes the pathogenicity and host affinity to humans we are at a risk of a new pandemia, perhaps like the Spanish flu in 1918-1920.

The RECK gene is a relatively new discovered gene with important implications for cancer research. The research has been primarily concentrated on the human gene with the ultimate aim to identify the invasive characteristics. Up regulated RECK is linked to significantly prolonged survival rates in patients with severe forms of malignancies. RECK is normally expressed in all cells of the body and has an important role in the balance between destructive and constructive features of the extracellular matrix. The RECK protein is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that inhibit matrix metalloproteinases which has the function of breaking down the ECM. There is a significant correlation between RECK gene expression and the formation of new vessels, presumably via the mediation of VEGF which is an important and powerful inducer of angiogenesis.

The purpose of my independent work was to develop and test a task-specific assessment matrix to the students writing logs that occurs in connection with their APL (workplace-based learning). The matrix is based on upper secondary school subject plan House building from The Swedish National Agency for Education and the four courses House building process, House building 1, House building 2 and House building 3 - conversion. Due to the matrix structure, I used the example matrix of Malmö University. The task-specific assessment must both serve as a guide for students in the implementation of the log writing, and in the evaluation of the assessment work. Both students and teachers then get a common assessment tool for evaluation.

Denna processbeskrivning undersöker hur en plantering i parkmiljö i Gävle skulle kunna planeras baserat på systemet matrix planting. Begreppet matrix planting beskrivs, samt grunderna för hur ett växtsamhälle byggs upp med passande växter. Fortsättningsvis redovisas inventeringen av den aktuella platsen, med beskrivning av de ekologiska förutsättningarna och förvaltarens önskemål. Ett förslag presenteras, där tankarna bakom formgivningen förklaras. En förteckning på lämpliga växter och deras egenskaper ingår.

Lameness localized to the hoof is a common problem in horses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic tool is becoming more common and is well suited for examination of the distal limb and the hoof capsule. Today there are two different methods of MRI where in one the horse is under general anesthesia and in the other the horse is standing and only sedated. In this study we have compared the visualization of the distal interphalangeal joint using these two methods in two different groups of horses with unknown clinical problems referred to two different equine hospitals. The width of the joint structures including thickness of joint cartilage and joint fluid and also the width of the dorsal pouch of the distal interphalangeal joint were measured.

Denna processbeskrivning undersöker hur en plantering i parkmiljö i Gävle skulle kunna planeras baserat på systemet matrix planting. Begreppet matrix planting beskrivs, samt grunderna för hur ett växtsamhälle byggs upp med passande växter. Fortsättningsvis redovisas inventeringen av den aktuella platsen, med beskrivning av de ekologiska förutsättningarna och förvaltarens önskemål. Ett förslag presenteras, där tankarna bakom formgivningen förklaras. En förteckning på lämpliga växter och deras egenskaper ingår.

Immune stimulating complex (iscom) matrix is a formulation that is used as anadjuvant within research. The capability of the iscom matrix to elicit an immuneresponse when not present together with an antigen has not been extensivelyinvestigated. One way to evaluate the status of the immune system is to measure theamount of cytokines that usually are produced by various cell types during an immuneresponse. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the early immune responses inporcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after stimulation in vitro with theiscom matrix, AbISCO®-100. The immune response was evaluated by measuring themRNA expression for various cytokines, a chemokine receptor (CXCR4) andregulator of G-protein signaling (RGS16) in porcine PBMC after stimulation withAbISCO®-100 or other inducers like a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a CpGoligodeoxynucleotide (ODN 2216) used as controls.

Joint injury (inflammation) or osteoarthritis is the most common cause of poor performance in the athletic horse. Osteoarthritis is the ensuing degeneration of joint cartilage due to inflammation/injury. The single most important factor in the inflammation cascade of joint injuries is interleukin-1 (IL-1). Until recently, these injuries have been treated with products like hyaluronic acid, cortisone and polysulphated glycosaminoglycans (PSGAG). Several studies have not been able to demonstrate a significant difference in the clinical improvement of joint injuries treated with hyaluronic acid or PSGAG and saline.

An inflammatory reaction is induced after release of proinflammatory mediators such asinterleukin 1 and 6 and tumour necrosis factor ?. These mediators stimulate the liver tosuppress the syntheses of albumin and endure the syntheses of acute phase protein forinstance C-reactive protein. The aim of this paper was to perform a method validation on animmune turbidimetric assay to quantify C-reactive protein in canine serum at the laboratory atSkara Animals Hospital, Skara, Sweden. The validation involved evaluation of the assaylinearity, precision, stability and recovery.The method was proved to be linear for both TruLab control and Medinor control.

Sparse matrices are often used in numerical algorithms that solve linear equation systems. Many methods for storing sparse matrices have been proposed and implemented during the years. These methods focus primarily on minimizing the total memory consumption and the time that it takes to store a sparse matrix. This report researches the available storage methods for sparse unstructured matrices. The formats that are researched and implemented are COO, CRS and ELL.

Abstract:In previous experiments with the bacterium Ideonella dechloratans a probable sequencecoding for a cytochrome c protein (cyt c) was observed, the sequence is assumed to have afunction in the bacterial respiratory chain. Detection attempts have been made to try to findthis protein, but have not succeeded. The purpose of this project is to detect the expressionof mRNA associated with the cytochrome c. And if it is detected, it will also be investigated ifthere is any difference in expression of the mRNA due to aerobic or anaerobic environment.Total RNA was purified from cultures grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. cDNAwas then synthesized using reverse transcriptase and subsequently amplified with thespecific primers in a qRT-PCR.qRT-PCR testing showed a distinct amplification of primer product, confirming that I.dechloratans expresses mRNA coding for the cyt c protein.

Kosten har stor betydelse för den idrottande individens prestation och hälsa. Trots det är det få idrottsutövare som följer kostrekommendationerna för sin idrottsgren. Styrketränande individer får ofta i sig mer protein än de behöver och under de senaste åren har användningen av proteintillskott ökat. Ett för högt intag av protein kan vara skadligt för hälsan och kostsamt för såväl plånbok som miljö. Tidigare forskning har visat ett samband mellan attityder och beteenden, vilket innebär att det är av intresse att undersöka individers attityder om man vill förändra deras beteende.

Syftet med den här litteraturstudien var att undersöka effekten av hög protein- och fettrik kost på styrketräning. De flesta dagliga matvaror innehåller oftast både protein och fett förutom rena kolhydratkällor, vilka har olika effekt på kroppen vid styrketräning. Styrketräning kan påverka proteinsyntesen, muskelhypertrofi, lipolys och fettoxidationen i kroppen. Dessa processer influeras av mängden protein eller fett som konsumeras, vilken typ av protein eller fett som konsumeras samt tidpunkten intaget sker i relation till styrketräning.Studier har visat att ett högt proteinintag i kombination med styrketräning kan leda till ökad muskelmassa och viktnedgång på grund av en ökad proteinsyntes, lipolys och fettoxidation. Tidigare forskning visar också att ett ökat fettintag stimulerar lipolys och fettoxidationen hos individer.